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Sains Malaysiana 46(8)(2017): 1269–1278 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4608-12
Hydrolysis of Residual Starch from Sago Pith Residue and Its
Fermentation to Bioethanol
(Hidrolisis Sisa Kanji daripada Hampas Sagu serta Fermentasinya kepada Bioetanol)
NURUL ADELA BUKHARI1*, SOH KHEANG LOH1, NASRIN ABU BAKAR1 & MAIZAN ISMAIL2
1Energy and Environment
Unit, Engineering and Processing Research Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board
(MPOB), 6, Persiaran Institusi,
Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Crop and Livestock
Integration,, Integration Research and Extension Division, Malaysian Palm Oil
Board (MPOB), 6, Persiaran Institusi,
Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 14 Julai 2015/Diterima: 24 Januari 2017
ABSTRACT
Utilisation of sago pith residue (SPR) for fermentable sugar
production using both acid and enzymatic hydrolysis was studied. In acid
hydrolysis, the effect of solid and acid concentrations, temperature and
reaction time was optimised. The effect of enzyme
dosage was studied on enzymatic hydrolysis of SPR.
Higher yield and conversion of 0.73 g g-1 (96%
conversion) was achieved by treating 6% (w v-1)
of SPR with 1% (v v-1) H2SO4 at
125°C for 90 min as compared to 0.61 g g-1 (79%
conversion) using 40 U g-1 biomass
of Aspergillus niger amyloglucosidase incubated at 60°C and pH4 for 48 h. The fermentation of acid
hydrolysate of SPR demonstrated that high ethanol
yield of 98% can be achieved without supplementation of nitrogen and nutrients.
The complete process showed that 470 L of bioethanol could be produced from 1 tonne of SPR. This figure makes SPR an
ideal raw material for bio-conversion into bioethanol or other value-added
products.
Keywords: Acid
hydrolysis; bioethanol; enzymatic hydrolysis; fermentation; sago pith residue
ABSTRAK
Penggunaan hampas sagu
(SPR)
untuk penghasilan
gula menggunakan hidrolisis asid dan enzim telah
dikaji. Dalam hidrolisis asid, kesan kepekatan pepejal dan asid,
suhu dan
masa tindak balas telah
dioptimumkan. Kesan
dos enzim pula dikaji
dalam hidrolisis enzim terhadap SPR.
Hasil yang lebih tinggi dengan penukaran
sebanyak 0.73 g g-1
(96% penukaran) telah
dicapai dengan merawat 6% (w v-1) hampas
sagu menggunakan
1% (v v-1)
H2SO4 pada 125°C selama 90 min
berbanding dengan 0.61 g g-1
(79% penukaran) menggunakan
40 U g-1
amiloglukosidase Aspergillus
niger yang
dieram pada 60°C, pH4 selama 48
jam. Fermentasi
hidrolisat asid hampas sagu menunjukkan
hasil etanol
yang tinggi iaitu sebanyak
98% boleh dicapai
tanpa penambahan nitrogen dan nutrien. Proses bio-penukaran lengkap menunjukkan 470 L bioetanol
boleh dihasilkan daripada 1 tan hampas sagu. Hasil yang diperoleh ini mencadangkan
hampas sagu
sebagai bahan mentah
yang sesuai untuk
bio-penukaran kepada bioetanol atau produk nilai tambah
yang lain.
Kata kunci: Bioetanol; fermentasi; hampas sawit; hidrolisis asid; hidrolisis enzim
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: adela@mpob.gov.my
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