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Sains Malaysiana 48(3)(2019): 607–612
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4803-13
Muscle
Size and Strength Benefits of Functional Electrical Stimulation-Evoked Cycling
Dosage
in
Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review
(Faedah Dos Rangsangan-Elektrik Berfungsi Berbasikal terhadap Saiz dan Kekuatan
Otot pada
Kecederaan Saraf Tunjang: Suatu Kajian Naratif)
NURHAIDA
ROSLEY1,
NUR
AZAH
HAMZAID2,
NAZIRAH
HASNAN3,
GLEN
M
DAVIS4 & HAIDZIR MANAF*1
1Centre of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Teknologi
MARA (Puncak Alam Campus), 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan,
Malaysia
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University
Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
3Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
4Department of Clinical
Exercise and Rehabilitation Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of
Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2006, Australia
Diterima: 19 Julai 2017/Diserahkan: 9 Januari 2019
ABSTRACT
Loss of sensory motor function is one of the main causes of
physical and activity limitations among individual with spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI may lead to muscle paralysis, weakness and disused muscle
atrophy. Evidences have shown electrical stimulation and strengthening exercise
might improve lower limb muscle strength and size among individual with SCI.
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) evoked cycling is one of
the methods that can elicit leg muscle contractions in order to produce a
cycling motion and promote the integrity of the involved muscles. Therefore,
this review is to synthesize the scientific literature regarding the effects of
multiple dosages of FES-evoked lower limb cycling on
muscle properties. A systematic literature search from 1946 to 2016 was
performed. From over 1,139 articles retrieved from the database, about 31
potentially relevant articles were retained for possible inclusion. However,
only 10 articles out of 31 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Although
the available evidence is compelling, there is insufficient quantity and
quality evidence to draw conclusions regarding the specific parameter of FES-CE that may optimally increase muscle strength, mass, and
circumference. However, it can be safely concluded that an effective training
session would spend for 45-60 min, 3 times a week for at least 4 weeks to see
changes in muscle size and strength.
Keywords: Cycling exercise; functional electrical stimulation;
muscle strength; spinal cord injury
ABSTRAK
Kehilangan fungsi deria motor adalah salah satu
punca kepada
pembatasan fizikal dan aktiviti dalam
kalangan individu
yang mengalami kecederaan saraf tunjang. Kecederaan saraf tujang boleh mengakibatkan
kelumpuhan otot,
kelemahan dan ketidakgunaan
otot atau
atrofi. Bukti menunjukkan
stimulasi elektrik
dan senaman kekuatan
otot boleh
memperbaiki saiz dan kekuatan otot
bahagian kaki dalam
kalangan individu yang mengalami kecederaan saraf tunjang. Sistem berbasikal rangsangan FES adalah
salah satu
metod yang boleh merangsang kontraksi otot kaki untuk menghasilkan pergerakan berbasikal dan meningkatkan integriti otot yang terlibat. Oleh itu, kajian
ini adalah
bertujuan untuk mensintesis kepustakaan saintifik untuk mengkaji kesan pelbagai dos rangsangan FES
untuk anggota bawah
berbasikal pada
sifat otot. Satu
carian kepustakaan
secara sistematik telah dijalankan dari 1946 hingga 2016. Daripada 1,139 artikel yang didapati daripada pangkalan data, 31 artikel yang
berpotensi telah dikekalkan mengikut kebarangkalian inklusi. Walau bagaimanapun, hanya 10 artikel daripada 31 artikel memenuhi kriteria rangkuman. Walaupun bukti yang didapati sangat menarik perhatian, namun kuantiti dan kualitinya
tidak mencukupi
untuk dijadikan kesimpulan berkaitan dengan parameter khusus FES-CE
yang mampu meningkatkan
kekuatan, jisim
dan ukur lilit
otot secara
optimum. Namun, ia selamat
untuk disimpulkan
bahawa keberkesanan suatu sesi latihan
mengambil masa 45-60 minit,
3 kali seminggu untuk
sekurang-kurangnya 4 minggu untuk melihat perubahan
saiz dan kekuatan otot.
Kata kunci: Kecederaan
saraf tunjang; kekuatan otot; rangsangan elektrik berfungsi; senaman berbasikal
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: haidzir5894@uitm.edu.my
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