Sains Malaysiana 48(4)(2019): 735–744

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4804-05 

 

Nutrient Mineralization and Soil Biology as Influenced by Temperature and Fertilizer Management Practices

(Pemineralan Nutrien dan Biologi Tanih yang Dipengaruhi oleh Suhu dan Amalam Pengurusan Baja)

 

UMME AMINUN NAHER¹*, IMRAN ULLAH SARKER¹, AFSANA JAHAN¹, MD. MANIRUZZAMAN², APURBA KANTI CHOUDHURY³, NAVIN KALRA⁴ & JATISH CHANDRA BISWAS¹

 

¹Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

 

²Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

Bangladesh

 

³On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Division, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

 

⁴Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

 

Diserahkan: 11 Julai 2017/Diterima: 5 Februari 2019

 

ABSTRACT

High soil temperature due to climate change may influence nutrient mineralization and soil biology. An incubation study was conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute to determine the effect of temperature (28°C and 45°C) on nutrient mineralization and soil microbial population of two different soils (terrace and saline soil) having different nutrient management practices (chemical fertilizer and integrated nutrient management). Terrace soil was clay loam and saline (6 ds m-1) soil was sandy loam in texture. Total N and organic C content was significantly high in terrace soil compared to saline soil. High temperature (45°C) enhanced C mineralization by 33% in integrated nutrient management (INM) of terrace soil and 41% in chemical fertilizer treatment in saline soil. The NH4+-N mineralization was increased by 3 fold in saline soil at 45°C as compared to the same at normal temperature of 28°C. Temperature and nutrient management options also significantly influenced phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) mineralization. High temperature significantly enhanced P mineralization in INM compared to chemical fertilizer amendment. In terrace soil, at 28°C temperature K mineralization was high in chemical fertilizer amended soil as compared to INM treatment. Temperature and nutrient sources affected soil bacterial population significantly compared to fungi, and actinomycetes. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were more resistant to high temperature compared to free-living N2 fixing bacteria. In general, high temperature and nutrient management practices affected C, N, P, K mineralization and soil biology; although mode of action varied and depending on soil types and nutrient management practices.

 

Keywords: Climate change; integrated nutrient management; soil microorganisms; soil nutrient mineralization

 

ABSTRAK

Suhu tanih yang tinggi disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim boleh mempengaruhi biologi pemineralan dan nutrien tanih. Kajian inkubator yang telah dijalankan di Institut Penyelidikan Beras Bangladesh untuk menentukan kesan suhu (28°C dan 45°C) terhadap nutrien pemineralan dan populasi mikrob tanih bagi dua tanih berbeza (tanih teres dan salin) yang mempunyai nutrien yang berbeza amalan pengurusan (baja kimia dan pengurusan nutrien bersepadu). Tanih teres lom liat dan tanih (6 ds m-1) salin adalah lom tekstur berpasir. Jumlah N dan kandungan C organik adalah tinggi dalam tanih teres berbanding tanih salin. Suhu yang tinggi (45°C) mempertingkatkan pemineralan C sebanyak 33% dalam pengurusan nutrien bersepadu (INM) bagi tanih teres dan 41% dalam baja kimia rawatan bagi tanih salin. Pemineralan bagi NH4+-N meningkat 3 kali lipatan dalam tanih salin pada suhu 45°C berbanding pada suhu biasa iaitu 28°C. Suhu dan pengurusan nutrien juga mempengaruhi pemineralan fosforus (P) dan kalium (K). Suhu tinggi meningkatkan pemineralan P dalam INM berbanding baja kimia pindaan. Dalam tanih teres, pada suhu 28°C, pemineralan K adalah tinggi dalam tanih baja kimia yang dipinda berbanding rawatan INM. Suhu dan sumber nutrien mempengaruhi populasi bakteria tanih secara signifikan berbanding kulat dan aktinomiset. Bakteria pemelarutan fosfat (PSB) berdaya tahan terhadap suhu tinggi berbanding bakteria hidup bebas N2. Secara amnya, suhu yang tinggi dan amalan pengurusan nutrien mempengaruhi pemineralan C, N, P, K dan biologi tanih; namun mod tindakan yang berubah dan bergantung kepada jenis tanih dan amalan pengurusan nutrien.

Kata kunci: Mikroorganisma tanih; nutrien pemineralan tanih; pengurusan nutrien bersepadu; perubahan iklim

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: naher39@gmail.com