Sains
Malaysiana 46(11)(2017): 2241-2250
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4611-26
Study
on the Relation between Mineral Compositions of Rock and Construction
Characteristics of Tunnel in Cold Regions: A Case
(Kajian
tentang Hubungan antara Komposisi Mineral Batuan dan Ciri Pembinaan Terowong di
Kawasan Sejuk: Suatu Kes)
YANLIANG SHANG1,2,
SHOUJI DU1*, HONGHONG GAO1 & TONGYIN HAN3
1Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,
Shanghai 200240, China
2Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering, Safety Control of
Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043,
China
3Party Committee, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang 065000,
China
Diserahkan: 3 Februari 2017/Diterima: 22 Mei 2017
ABSTRACT
Mineral composition of rock has a very important
influence on the physical and mechanical properties of tunnel surrounding rock.
Take Dangjianshan tunnel in cold regions for example, the rock specimens in
different parts of tunnel were taken to carry out the detection test of mineral
composition. By the detail qualitative and quantitative analysis, the
relationship between mineral composition and surrounding rock engineering
properties was explored. First of all, the composition and content of minerals
contained in in the rock specimens were detected by X ray fluorescence
spectrometer and X ray powder diffraction. The detection results show that rock
of tunnel contains high hardness minerals such as quartz and feldspar which
were proven by initial engineering geological investigation report, in
addition, it also contains several kinds of low hardness minerals including
inclined chlorite and illite which may exhibit large deformation characteristic
of soft rock after the tunnel excavation in case of meeting water and
weathering conditions. The total content of inclined chlorite and illite
accounted for a considerable component in main tunnel, inclined shaft and
parallel pilot respectively and the influence on surrounding rock engineering
properties cannot be ignored. Therefore, mineral composition detection must be
paid attention to after tunnel excavation. Secondly, the effects of mineral
composition on surrounding rock were analyzed in aspects of rock strength,
weathering resistance, water softening property and excavation deformation
through comparing the rock samples in different parts of tunnel. The
comparative results showed that when the mineral contents is high with high
hardness and poor hydrophilicity, tunnel surrounding rock plays a better
performance of physical and mechanical properties, vice versa. Finally,
according to the specific geological and construction parameters of the tunnel,
the correlation analysis was studied about the vault settlement after tunnel
excavation and the hydrophilicity mineral content in main cave. The logarithmic
relationship between them was found and the correlation coefficient was 0.98.
It can provide a useful reference for the settlement prediction of Dangjinshan
tunnel construction.
Keywords: Engineering properties; mineral
composition; relation, surrounding rock; tunnel
ABSTRAK
Komposisi
mineral batuan mempunyai pengaruh yang amat penting pada sifat fizikal dan
mekanik batuan sekitar terowong. Mengambil terowong Dangjianshan di rantau
sejuk sebagai contoh, spesimen batuan di bahagian berbeza dalam terowong telah
diambil untuk menjalankan ujian pengesanan komposisi mineral. Berdasarkan
analisis perincian kuantitatif dan kualitatif, sifat hubungan antara komposisi
mineral dan sifat kejuruteraan batuan sekitar telah diterokai. Pertama sekali,
komposisi dan kandungan mineral yang terkandung di dalam spesimen batu telah
dikesan melalui spektrometer pendarfluor sinar X dan pembelauan serbuk sinar X.
Keputusan pengesanan menunjukkan batu terowong mengandungi mineral berkepadatan
tinggi seperti kuarza dan feldspar yang telah terbukti melalui laporan kajian
geologi kejuruteraan awal. Di samping itu, ia juga mengandungi beberapa jenis
mineral berkepadatan rendah termasuk cenderung klorit dan ilit yang boleh
menyebabkan perubahan bentuk yang besar kepada ciri batuan lembut selepas
penggalian terowong jika berlaku pertembungan keadaan air dan cuaca. Jumlah
kandungan cenderung klorit dan ilit merupakan komponen besar dalam terowong
utama, masing-masing cenderung penggerudian dan rintis selari serta pengaruh
pada sifat kejuruteraan sekitar batuan tidak boleh diabaikan. Oleh itu,
pengesanan komposisi mineral perlu diberi perhatian selepas penggalian
terowong. Kedua, kesan komposisi mineral di sekitar batuan dianalisis dalam
aspek kekuatan batu, rintangan cuaca, sifat pelembutan air dan canggaan
penggalian dengan membandingkan sampel batuan di bahagian berbeza dalam
terowong. Keputusan perbandingan menunjukkan apabila kandungan mineral tinggi
dengan kepadatan dan rendah hidrofilisiti, batuan di sekitar terowong
menunjukkan prestasi sifat fizikal dan mekanik yang lebih baik dan sebaliknya.
Kesimpulannya, mengikut parameter khusus geologi dan pembinaan terowong,
analisis korelasi telah dikaji untuk penempatan kubah selepas penggalian terowong
dan kandungan mineral hidrofilisiti dalam gua utama. Hubungan logaritma antara
mereka diperoleh dan pekali korelasi ialah 0.98. Ia mampu memberi rujukan yang
berguna untuk ramalan penempatan pembinaan terowong di Dangjinshan.
Kata kunci: Batuan sekitar, komposisi mineral; perhubungan; sifat
kejuruteraan; terowong
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: sty1980926@163.com
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